ProBalance ‘fixes’ system responsiveness if it is a background process out of control, or as soon as you click away from the foreground process. You have to click away only because of the default ‘foreground exclusion’ to prevent ProBalance from acting on something important to you.
ProBalance is extraordinarily useful to the following users:
Multimedia editors. Sony Vegas and other software can bring your PC to a crawl when saving.
Those who do a lot of multi-tasking and have a lot running in the background.
Gamers, VOiP, and other real-time users who want to avoid micro-lags.
Those who have high sustained CPU loads, and want to actually use their computer in the meantime.
Bitsum’s innovative (though now over 15 years old!) ProBalance algorithm will mitigate the effects of excessive CPU loads on system responsiveness. This is proven in both synthetic and real-world tests, even on the highest-end multi-core processors available today.
Put simply, during a high CPU load, without ProBalance, you can expect lags in keyboard and mouse activity, as well as other I/O, but with ProBalance, mouse and keyboard activity will be absolutely fluid.
Our algorithm has always been surprisingly efficacious and we’ve fine tuned it over the last 15 years! It is designed to act conservatively and safely. It makes only marginal, temporary changes during it’s activities and has no deleterious effects. It is able to do this because it takes only a small fraction of CPU cycles to restore basic responsiveness, thus taking these from the overall pool has a negligible impact on performance, but a huge impact on responsiveness.
Put simply, during a high CPU load, without ProBalance, you can expect lags in keyboard and mouse activity, as well as other I/O, but with ProBalance, mouse and keyboard activity will be absolutely fluid.
Bitsum is the ONLY provider of the original and well-maintained ProBalance algorithm. Cheap copies have many issues, things we’ve sorted out over the last 15 years. It is recommended that you use our implementation, else you may do more harm than good.
How is a CPU shared among all running processes?
A CPU core can only do one thing at a time. Therefore, to multi-task, a CPU core is quickly switched between all active threads on the system. It switches between threads so quickly that it appears multiple processes are running at the exact same time (simultaneously), when in fact they are just taking turns – concurrently. For multi-core systems, this is still true, except that there are more CPU’s available for thread execution, thus allowing some true simultaneous execution instead of just concurrent execution.
When the threads of multiple processes need to use the CPU at the same time, the priority level of each thread is used to help determine which should get the CPU next (which is most important). By temporarily lowering the priority class of overly active background processes, as ProBalance does, your PC is kept responsive even in the face of high CPU loads. Lowering the priority class of a process lowers the priority of all threads in that process. When acting on a process, you are essentially changing the base priority from which the individual priorities of all threads of that process are derived from. In this way, the relative priorities between threads in a process are kept the same.
Process Priority Classes
The purpose of priority classes is to keep all thread priorities relative to one another. For instance, when you lower a process priority class, it’s lower priority propagates to all individual thread priorities (the actual priority used is a sort of sum of the two). Thus, it does not affect the priority relationship between the threads themselves. So an app can have a high and low priority thread, which *it* set , and the relation between them will always be high/low no matter what the process priority class is.
Real-Time
Reserved for time critical processes. Has a security privilege usually not available to limited users.
High
Processes that should take the most precedence, except for time critical processes.
Above Normal
Processes that should take a little precedence over most other processes.
Below Normal
Processes whose CPU servicing is not as critical as others.
Idle
Processes whose CPU servicing is not at all time critical.
*Remember, each thread within a process has its own priority too (defined differently than above). Thread priorities are combined with the process priority class to yield the effective priorities as used by the CPU scheduler.
What’s the problem?
Windows has a particularly bad problem dealing with threads that decide they want to consume every bit of CPU time they can get their hands on (CPU bound threads). A single CPU bound thread running at Normal priority can bring an entire single-CPU system to a stall, as demonstrated by our graphical proof of concept below. Yes, it is true – believe it or not! It is this worst case scenario that Process Lasso was originally written to address. By temporarily lowering the priority of the offending process, your PC can be saved from a full stall.
Additional testing and refinement revealed that our algorithm not only protected against this worst-case scenario, but also was immensely useful at balancing average CPU loads. The small and conservative adjustments ProBalance makes are truly efficacious at helping to retain PC responsiveness and CPU fairness to all processes.
To improve fairness, the CPU scheduler of some operating systems, such as Linux, penalize CPU bound processes while rewarding I/O bound processes. This concept is similar to what ProBalance effectively does. Most threads are I/O bound. They give up their time slices pre-maturely as they enter a wait state for some type of I/O. However, CPU bound (CPU hungry) threads also exist from time to time, and do a real number of the less greedy I/O bound threads. These ‘greedy threads’ are at the heart of the scheduling problem mitigated by Process Lasso’s ProBalance.
What is ‘ProBalance’ optimization?
ProBalance (Process Balance), is the name of our proprietary algorithm that dynamically adjusts the priority of running processes in an effort to keep your system responsive during high loads.
When there is a high load on the system CPU(s), the responsiveness of the PC can be severely impacted. On a single processor PC, it takes only one CPU hungry thread running at normal priority to bring the entire system to stall. Even high priority threads get totally starved of CPU cycles by a CPU hungry thread running at normal priority. This problem is inherent to the design of the Windows CPU scheduler and general OS architecture. Sure, it seems like such a problem should NOT exist — but it does, and its easily demonstrated (see ‘skeptics’ section below).
The casual user will often find their PC’s responsiveness diminished for brief periods of time (a micro lag). Sometimes this is due to an error occurring in a background process, and other times it is simply because there is such a high load on the CPU. You probably have experienced this before – mouse movement gets jerky and every action is terribly slow.
Process Lasso’s ProBalance intelligently lowers the priority class of background processes when they may be interfering with system responsiveness. This doesn’t hurt the performance of background processes since they still get a considerable amount of the available CPU time, but it helps the responsiveness of foreground processes tremendously. After all, usually it just takes a few CPU cycles to keep the foreground process responsive. Taking these from background processes, when necessary, is hardly detrimental to them. Also, the adjustment is temporary, so its undone as soon as system conditions change. Process Lasso is designed to be minimally obtrusive, lowering priorities only when appropriate, and making sure that the background processes still perform just fine.
Phrased another way (from a question we had asked):
So how does ProBalance make a difference? Well, it turns out that by *marginally*, dynamically, and temporarily decreasing the priority class of problematic background processes, that 1% or less of CPU cycles necessary to let you have fluid mouse and keyboard movement, or in worst case scenarios, control of your PC at all, is available.
Betanews on ProBalance:
“Process Lasso’s headline technology is ProBalance, a smart tool which monitors running processes and intelligently adjusts the priority of resource hogs as they appear.
Can this really make a difference? We used the developer’s (Bitsum) “CPU Eater” demo to create a process with 48 active threads, and tried launching Chrome (with its core files cached). It took 30-40 seconds to appear with ProBalance disabled, under 1 second with it turned on.
That was a very extreme example, so we tried again with 16 threads (one per core), and Chrome loaded in 5 seconds; 8 threads and it loaded in around 2, still more than twice the ProBalance-enabled time.
We tried a few other CPU-stressing apps with similar results. If you’re running multiple applications at the same time, and something tries to hog your CPU, then Process Lasso’s priority tweaks generally mean your system stays very responsive.”
Reference – Betanews Mike Williams
Is ProBalance effective for multi-core PCs?
Yes, unquestionably ProBalance has efficacy even on the latest generation of processors, and this is expected to continue to be true for the foreseeable future.
Central Processing Units are no longer getting that much faster. We’ve approached physical limitations of the underlying silicon, reached the thermal limit that most cooling systems can handle, and entered a new era of energy efficiency. That means that instead of making processors that much faster in each passing generation, the chip makers instead went parallel. This means more CPU’s are available to execute code, but since most applications are still primarily single-threaded, there is still a substantial CPU bottleneck.
At Bitsum we’ve also well demonstrated that even on a multi-core system, if a single core is fully consumed by a CPU bound thread, the PC as a whole can suffer odd and unpredictable effects on overall responsiveness. Lags, stalls, and freezes all start to occur as soon as a single core is fully saturated.
Should I re-prioritize all my processes, ranking them in importance to me?
Absolutely NOT. Some programs out there encourage you to do just that, but it is dangerous. The authors of these programs are probably not aware of the dangers, or otherwise don’t care. While Process Lasso supports setting default (sticky) priorities, it is only meant to be used under certain appropriate circumstances. If you aren’t an expert, it is best to let Process Lasso’s carefully designed ProBalance algorithm dynamically adjust process priorities as necessary.
Proof of Concept – Does Process Lasso’s ProBalance really work?
With all the various scams out there, such as RAM defragmentation software (ugh!), it is natural for some users to be skeptical. The most common argument comes from those who have overconfidence in the performance of the Windows CPU scheduler. These people believe that *if* the Windows scheduler is written as it should be, then surely normal priority threads can’t substantially interfere with the performance of other normal (and above) priority threads. This argument is echoed particularly in non-Windows crowds who haven’t experienced the real-world performance of the Windows CPU scheduler.
Most Windows developers will tell you they are disappointed with the Windows CPU scheduler. They will tell you of a time when they had a bug that caused an infinite loop in a normal priority thread running in a process of normal priority class. Much to their dismay, their system was brought to a stall. They’ve seen this happen. They’ve stood in disbelief.
The truth is that, on a single CPU system, a single thread of normal priority can bring the entire PC to a near freeze! Even high priority threads can get starved of CPU time by a CPU hungry thread of normal priority. Yes, amazing but true. For multi-CPU systems, the number of threads required to bring the system to a complete stall is equal to the number of CPU’s available. Don’t believe us? Try our demonstration app, or write your own. Any thread that does nothing but eat up CPU cycles without restraint will demonstrate this phenomenon.
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